Agency, Accommodation, and Acculturation in the Space of American Muslim Women

Susan Madonna

Abstract


This article aims to examine how immigrant Muslim women strive to create a space of recognition in American mosques. Based on selected books and articles that provide data on the agency, accommodation, and acculturation of American Muslim women in the context of the mosque as a religious center, this research reveals that immigrant Muslim women in America often show higher levels of participation in mosque services and activities compared to their counterparts in their countries of origin. Even in a progressive mosque in Cape Town, a woman was invited to deliver the Friday sermon, which is typically conducted by a male imam. While accommodation is clearly evident in the initiatives of agents, architects, and mosque designers in America who strive to meet the needs of women in future mosque constructions, mosques are also believed to play a crucial role in facilitating the acculturation process of immigrant Muslim women into the host society. In practice, immigrant community leaders and religious authorities interpret Islam in a futuristic and integrative manner, viewing the mosque as an evolving entity that grows and adapts to changing environments, thus effectively bridging its congregants with the broader society.

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana perempuan Muslim imigran berupaya menciptakan ruang pengakuan di masjid-masjid Amerika. Berdasarkan buku-buku dan artikel-artikel terpilih yang memberikan data tentang agensi, akomodasi, dan akulturasi perempuan Muslim Amerika dalam konteks masjid sebagai pusat keagamaan, penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa perempuan Muslim imigran di Amerika seringkali menunjukkan tingkat partisipasi yang lebih tinggi dalam layanan dan kegiatan masjid dibandingkan dengan rekan-rekan mereka di negara asal. Bahkan di sebuah masjid progresif di Cape Town, seorang perempuan diundang untuk menyampaikan khotbah Jumat, yang biasanya dilakukan oleh imam laki-laki. Sementara akomodasi terlihat jelas dalam inisiatif para agen, arsitek, dan perancang masjid di Amerika yang berupaya mengakomodasi kebutuhan perempuan dalam pembangunan masjid di masa depan. Selain itu, masjid diyakini memainkan peran penting dalam memfasilitasi proses akulturasi perempuan Muslim imigran ke dalam masyarakat tuan rumah. Dalam praktiknya, para pemimpin komunitas imigran dan otoritas agama menafsirkan Islam secara futuristik dan integratif, memandang masjid sebagai entitas yang berevolusi, tumbuh, dan beradaptasi terhadap perubahan lingkungan, sehingga secara efektif menjembatani jamaahnya dengan masyarakat yang lebih luas.


Keywords


Acculturation; Agency; Accommodation; American Muslim Women.

Full Text:

PDF


DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/al-adyan.v5i1.8447
Abstract views : 0 times
PDF : 0 times

References


Aossey, W. Y. (1984). The first Mosque in America. Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs. Journal, 5(1), 60–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/02666958408715879

Avishai, O. (2008). “Doing Religion” in a Secular World: Women in Conservative Religions and the Question of Agency. Gender and Society, 22(4), 409–433. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243208321019

Bagby, I. (2009). The American mosque in transition: Assimilation, acculturation and isolation. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 35(3), 473–490. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691830802704640

Bagby, I. (2021). The American Mosque 2020 : Growing and Evolving Report 1 of the US Mosque Survey 2020: Basic Characteristics of the American Mosque.

Creswell, J. W. (2016). Research Design Pendektan Metode Kualitatif, Kuantitatif dan Campuran (A. F. dan R. K. Pancasari (ed.); Keempat). Pustaka Pelajar.

Davids, N. (2018). How Muslims betray Islam by not allowing women in mosques.

Duivenbode, R., Hall, S., & Padela, A. I. (2020). A Mosque-Based Qualitative Study on American Muslim Women’s Organ Donation Beliefs. Progress in Transplantation, 30(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/1526924819893933

Ghafournia, N. (2020). Negotiating Gendered Religious Space: Australian Muslim Women and the Mosque. Religions, 11(12), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11120686

Harris, F. C. (1999). Something Within. Religion in African-American Political Activism. In Oxford University Press. Oxford University Press.

Hoel, N. (2013). Sexualising the Sacred, Sacralising Sexuality: An Analysis of Public Responses to Muslim Women’s Religious Leadership in the Context of a Cape Town Mosque. Journal for the Study of Religion, 26(2), 25–41.

Javed, S. (2022). Bleak, Hidden and Uninviting: It’s Time to Improve Women’s Prayer Spaces in UK Mosques. Independent.

Joosub, N. (2023). A Foucauldian discourse analysis of women’s resistance against exclusion from a mosque in Johannesburg. Feminism and Psychology, 33(4), 489–507. https://doi.org/10.1177/09593535231176962

M.Moore, Y. Y. H. J. i. S. K. (2006). Muslim Women in America The Challenge of Islamic Identity Today. Oxford University Press.

Mateo, M. P. (2019). The Mosque as an Educational Space: Muslimwomen and Religious Authority in 21st-Century Spain. Religions, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10030222

Mohammed, H. (2022). From Women’s Sections: Place Affordances and Women’s Sense of Place in American Mosques. Gender, Place and Culture, 0(0), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2022.2150606

Nomani, A. (2005). Standing Alone in Mecca: An American Woman’s Struggle for the Soul of Islam An American Woman’s Struggle for the Soul of Islam. CAP 20.

Ozyurt, S. Ş. (2010). Bridge Builders or Boundary Markers? The Role of the Mosque in the Acculturation Process of Immigrant Muslim Women in the United States. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 30(3), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2010.515810

Prickett, P. J. (2015). Negotiating Gendered Religious Space: The Particularities of Patriarchy in an African American Mosque. Gender and Society, 29(1), 51–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243214546934

Putnam, Robert D., and D. E. C. (2012). American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us. Simon & Schuster.

Qureshi, N. (2015). Disenfranchised Young Women in the Mosque: a Western Experience . ACADEMIA Accelerating the World’s Research.

Raymond, C. M., Kyttä, M., & Stedman, R. (2017). Sense of place, fast and slow: The potential contributions of affordance theory to sense of place. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(SEP). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01674

Rinaldo, R. (2013). Mobilizing Piety: Islam and Feminism in Indonesia. In Oxford University Press. Oxford University Press.

Sullins, D. P. (2006). Gender and Religion: Deconstructing Universality, Constructing Complexity. American Journal of Sociology, 112(3), 838–880. https://doi.org/10.1086/507852

Wadud, A. (1999). Qur’an and Woman Rereading the Sacred Text from a Woman’s Perspective. Oxford University Press.

Woodlock, R. (2010). Praying where they don’t Belong: Female Muslim Converts and Access to Mosques in Melbourne, Australia. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 30(2), 265–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2010.494076

Zine, J. (2004). Creating a Critical Faith-Centered Space for Antiracist Feminism : Reflections of a Muslim Scholar-Activist. Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, 20(2), 167–187.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Susan Madonna

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Departement Religious Studies of The Faculty Ushuluddin and Religious Studies State Islamic University Imam Bonjol Padang
Jl. M. Yunus No. 1, Lubuk Lintah, Kuranji. 
Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat 25153
E-mail: al-adyan@uinib.ac.id


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.