Recognition of Voronoi Cell Distribution in Earthquake Epicenter Data in the Sunda Strait Region, Indonesia

Triyana Muliawati, Fuji Lestari, Danni Gathot Harbowo, Mika Alvionita S

Abstract


The Sunda Strait is currently one of the busiest transportation hubs. However, this area has a significant history of geological disasters caused by the dynamic tectonic activity of the Eurasian and Indo-Australian tectonic plates. These disasters include the supervolcanic eruption of Krakatoa in 1883, the Sunda Strait tsunami in 2018, and decades of frequent earthquakes. To address these challenges, this study analyzes the frequency and distribution of seismic activity in the Sunda Strait region based on epicenter data recorded in the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Earthquake Catalog. We collected 440 multivariate earthquake data points between 1990 and 2023 (over three decades). The results of this study show that a machine learning approach accurately identified four relevant parameters for k-means clustering, followed by a silhouette value analysis to recognize the distribution of Voronoi cells. Based on earthquake data from the Sunda Strait from 1990 to 2023, the two highest silhouette analysis values, 0.40 and 0.39, are located at k=3 and k=5 in k-means clustering. This approach has recognized and identified the cell area of earthquake activity in the Sunda Strait, particularly around Anak Krakatoa. This study provides new insights into the spatiotemporal characteristics and identifies clusters of earthquake-prone areas. The information generated in this study facilitates the evaluation of future earthquake disaster risks, especially those with epicenters in the Sunda Strait region.

Keywords


earthquake, k-means clustering, silhouette method, sunda strait, voronoi.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Whelley, P.L., Newhall, C.G. and Bradley, K.E., 2015. The frequency of explosive volcanic eruptions in Southeast Asia. Bulletin of volcanology, 77, pp.1-11.

Hall, R., 2017. Southeast Asia: New views of the geology of the Malay Archipelago. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 45, pp.331-358.

Wilson, N., Valler, V., Cassidy, M., Boyd, M., Mani, L. and Brönnimann, S., 2023. Impact of the Tambora volcanic eruption of 1815 on islands and relevance to future sunlight-blocking catastrophes. Scientific Reports, 13(1), p.3649.

Lorito, S., Romano, F. and Lay, T., 2022. Tsunamigenic major and great earthquakes (2004–2013): source processes inverted from seismic, geodetic, and sea-level data. Complexity in Tsunamis, Volcanoes, and their Hazards, pp.247-298.

D'Arrigo, R., Carslaw, K.S., Zhu, T., Dessler, A.E., Forster, P. and Polvani, L.M., 2019, December. Northern Hemisphere wintertime continental warming following large, low-latitude volcanic eruptions? No evidence from Pinatubo (1991) and Krakatau (1883). In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2019, pp. A21B-01).

Dumont, S., Custódio, S., Petrosino, S., Thomas, A.M. and Sottili, G., 2023. Tides, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. A Journey Through Tides, pp.333-364.

Harbowo, D.G. and Muliawati, T., 2024. State transition matrix and Markov-chain diagram for frequent volcanic eruptions: Krakatoa, Indonesia. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 479, p. 02005). EDP Sciences.

Muliawati, T., and D. G. Harbowo. "A Statistical review of the dates and patterns of volcanic activity of Lewotolo Volcano, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 1245. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2023.

Berg, O. G., & von Hippel, P. H. (1987). Selection of DNA binding sites by regulatory proteins: Statistical-mechanical theory and application to operators and promoters. Journal of molecular biology, 193(4), 723-743.

Likas, A., Vlassis, N., & Verbeek, J. J. (2003). The global k-means clustering algorithm. Pattern recognition, 36(2), 451-461.

Kodinariya, T. M., & Makwana, P. R. (2013). Review on determining number of Cluster in K-Means Clustering. International Journal, 1(6), 90-95.

Muliawati, T., and Hendri Murfi. "Eigenspace-based fuzzy c-means for sensing trending topics in Twitter." AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 1862. No. 1. AIP Publishing, 2017.

Paembonan, S., & Abduh, H. (2021). Penerapan Metode Silhouette Coefficient untuk Evaluasi Clustering Obat. PENA TEKNIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Teknik, 6(2), 48-54.

Rydelek, P. A., Davis, P. M., & Koyanagi, R. Y. (1988). Tidal triggering of earthquake swarms at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 93(B5), 4401-4411.

Petrosino, S., Cusano, P., & Madonia, P. (2018). Tidal and hydrological periodicities of seismicity reveal new risk scenarios at Campi Flegrei caldera. Scientific reports, 8(1), 1-12.

Harbowo, Danni Gathot. "An assessment of the scientific value of Krakatoa, Indonesia from a geoheritage perspective." Journal of Applied Geoscience and Engineering 2.1 (2023): 11-25.

Harbowo, D.G. and Muliawati, T., 2024. State transition matrix and Markov-chain diagram for frequent volcanic eruptions: Krakatoa, Indonesia. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 479, p. 02005). EDP Sciences.

Natalia, Happy Christin, Danni Gathot Harbowo, and Rinaldi Ikhram. "Potensi Geodiversity di Sekitar Kawasan Anak Krakatau-Way Kambas, Provinsi Lampung, Sebagai Kandidat Geopark Indonesia." Journal of Science and Applicative Technology 5.1 (2021): 47-57.

Afifah, Kania Fatin, Fuji Lestari, Florencia Brigitta. “Estimation of Earthquake Insurance Premium by Considering Earthquake Probability and The Damage Ratio of Buildings in Banda Aceh and Sibolga City.” Journal of Science and Applicative Technology 8.1(2024):45-52.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/jostech.v4i2.9830

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 JOSTECH Journal of Science and Technology

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.