The Concept of Ijtihad in Islamic Modernism: A Study of Jamaluddin Al-Afghani's Thought

Adhimas Alifian Yuwono

Abstract


This study aims to explore the concept of ijtihad in Jamaluddin al-Afghani's thought and
reflect on this concept in a contemporary context. The research method used is qualitative with a
descriptive-analytical approach, which relies on a literature review of works related to al-Afghani's
thought, particularly regarding ijtihad and Islamic modernism. The analysis was conducted
critically by examining how al-Afghani viewed ijtihad as an inclusive, rational, and dynamic
instrument of renewal in facing the problems of the Muslim community. The results of the study
show that al-Afghani's concept of ijtihad is not a new fiqh construction, but rather a paradigmatic
critique that demands Muslims to continue to explore and understand the Qur'an and Sunnah
rationally and openly, without being trapped in rigid sectarian dogma. This ijtihad became the
foundation of the Pan-Islamism movement, which emphasized unity among Muslims through
shared views and solidarity based on authentic Islamic teachings. Furthermore, according to al
Afghani, ijtihad is part of Islamic modernism, which rejects absolutism in understanding and
encourages dialogue between groups in order to produce relevant and solution oriented
understandings. The relevance of this concept is very important in the modern era, especially amid
the rise of claims of truth without a strong scientific basis, which have the potential to divide the
ummah. By emphasizing rationality, inclusiveness, and the dynamics of understanding, alAfghani's ijtihad can be a stepping stone to revive the spirit of scientific and dialogical inquiry,
strengthen unity, and keep Islam relevant and progressive in facing the challenges of the times.

Keywords


Ijtihad, Islamic Modernism, Jamaluddin Al-Afghani.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/tajdid.v1i1.13238

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