The Method of Legal Istinbath in The Shafi'i and Hambali Madhhab on The Practice Of Marriage Siriy

Masliani Sapitri, Kiki Krismawati Imania, Siti Nor Azizah

Abstract


The practice of marriage siri in Indonesia is a socio-religious phenomenon that raises various problems, both from the aspect of Islamic family law and from the aspect of legal protection in the context of the modern state. This article aims to examine the legal istinbath method used by the Shafi'i and Hambali schools in assessing the validity of the practice of serial marriage, as well as how it is relevant to the positive legal system in Indonesia. This research uses a normative qualitative approach with a comparative analysis method, examining the classical literature of each school and applicable laws and regulations. The Shafi'i and Hambali schools both stipulate that the condition for the validity of marriage is the presence of a guardian and two witnesses. However, the two differ in assessing the urgency of the announcement of marriage (i'lan) to the public. The Shafi'i school views the announcement as an encouragement (sunnah), while the Hambali school considers it as a condition of perfection which, if not met, can have an impact on the invalidity of the contract. In the context of a series marriage that is carried out in secret and without official registration, both schools state that the marriage is valid if it meets the principles and conditions, but tends to be discouraged because it has the potential to cause harm. In the Indonesian legal system, marriage registration is a normative imperative that is administrative in nature but has a substantive impact on legal protection. This article concludes that although nikah siri is legal according to classical fiqh, the approach of maqashid sharia and the public interest requires official registration as an effort to protect the rights of women and children. Therefore, synergy between Islamic law and positive law is inevitable in responding to this phenomenon.

Keywords


Marriage Siri, Istinbath Law, Madhhab Shafi'i, Madhhab Hambali

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/ijt.v41i2.708

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