Peran Permainan Terstruktur dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Sosial Anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme

Zanziarti Zanziarti, Ifan Rivaldo

Abstract


Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (GSA) menyebabkan kesulitan interaksi sosial pada anak didik yang berdampak pada perkembangan keterampilan sosialnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji peran permainan terstruktur dalam meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak didik dengan GSA. Studi pustaka dengan analisis konten kualitatif digunakan untuk mengkaji literatur ilmiah terkait permainan terstruktur dan GSA yang diterbitkan tahun 2018-2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat kategori permainan terstruktur efektif meningkatkan keterampilan sosial: permainan berbagi dan bergiliran, permainan pengenalan emosi, permainan peran sosial, dan permainan komunikasi terstruktur. Kontribusi akademik penelitian ini berupa model konseptual pengembangan intervensi sosial bertahap dari aktivitas paralel ke kolaboratif yang menjembatani preferensi soliter anak didik GSA dengan kebutuhan pengembangan keterampilan sosial. Kontribusi praktis meliputi panduan implementasi permainan terstruktur berdasarkan lima faktor keberhasilan: personalisasi minat anak didik, dukungan visual jelas, intensitas program, keterlibatan orang tua, dan penerapan prinsip pembelajaran kooperatif.


Keywords


Gangguan Spektrum Autisme; Keterampilan Sosial; Permainan Terstruktur

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/jcm.v7i1.11646

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