Ketahanan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa: Mengungkap Dampak Bencana Banjir Terhadap Kesejahteraan Lokal

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study aims to reveal the impact of flooding on the local welfare of the Buluhcina Village community. The research method used is qualitative with data collection through participant observation during and after the flood, as well as interviews with 20 affected communities (oil palm farmers, fish farmers, fishermen, traders and employees). Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive, with a data triangulation approach to validate information from observations, interviews, and other supporting sources. The results of the study show that the impact varies between sectors. In the agricultural sector, fisheries show high resilience because a good pond system allows production to continue, even providing opportunities to obtain natural fish seeds. In contrast, the oil palm sector, especially young plants, is vulnerable to flooding, while old oil palms are more resistant, except for prolonged flooding that reduces productivity. In the non-agricultural sector, floods damage infrastructure such as houses, shops, and roads, reducing economic activity. Micro and small businesses experience decreased income due to physical damage and reduced purchasing power. Disruption of transportation access slows distribution, increases costs, and hampers local trade. Floods also cause decreased income for fish traders, farmers, and shop owners due to damaged goods and reduced customers. In addition, declining production and damaged infrastructure have led to shortages of goods and rising prices, worsening the local economy.

Keywords: Impact, Flood, Community Economic Resilience

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap dampak banjir terhadap kesejahteraan lokal masyarakat Desa Buluhcina. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi terlibat selama dan setelah banjir, serta wawancara dengan 20 masyarakat terdampak (petani kelapa sawit, peternak ikan, Nelayan, Pedagang dan karyawan). Data dianalisis menggunakan dekriptif kualitatif, dengan pendekatan triangulasi data untuk memvalidasi informasi dari observasi, wawancara, dan sumber-sumber pendukung lainnya. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dampaknya bervariasi antar sektor. Di sektor pertanian, perikanan menunjukkan ketahanan tinggi karena sistem kolam yang baik memungkinkan produksi berlanjut, bahkan memberikan peluang mendapatkan bibit ikan alami. Sebaliknya, sektor kelapa sawit, terutama tanaman muda, rentan terhadap banjir, sementara sawit tua lebih tahan, kecuali banjir berkepanjangan yang menurunkan produktivitas. Di sektor non-pertanian, banjir merusak infrastruktur seperti rumah, toko, dan jalan, menurunkan aktivitas ekonomi. Usaha mikro dan kecil mengalami penurunan pendapatan akibat kerusakan fisik dan berkurangnya daya beli. Terputusnya akses transportasi memperlambat distribusi, meningkatkan biaya, dan menghambat perdagangan lokal. Banjir juga menyebabkan penurunan pendapatan bagi pedagang ikan, petani, dan pemilik warung akibat kerusakan dagangan dan berkurangnya pelanggan. Selain itu, penurunan produksi dan rusaknya infrastruktur memicu kelangkaan barang serta kenaikan harga, memperburuk ekonomi lokal.

Kata Kunci: Dampak, Banjir, Ketahanan Ekonomi Masyarakat