The Effectiveness Of Cash Transfer Programs In Reducing Poverty

Deni Amelia, Ahmad Junaidi, Reska Rahmatullah

Abstract


Poverty remains a persistent global issue that limits individual opportunities and well-being. Cash transfer programs (CTPs), both conditional and unconditional, have emerged as key policy tools to address this problem. This review synthesizes empirical findings from 37 selected studies published between 2000 and 2025. A structured search strategy using major academic databases was employed, and thematic synthesis was used to analyze outcomes related to income, education, health, labor, and empowerment. Both CCTs and UCTs were found to have a positive impact on household income, consumption, school attendance, and empowerment outcomes. However, effects vary depending on program design, target demographics, and contextual factors. UCTs provided flexibility, while CCTs often yielded stronger outcomes in education and health. The findings underscore the importance of integrated program design and the necessity of context-sensitive implementation to maximize impact. Complementary services, such as healthcare and training, enhance program outcomes. Policy recommendations and directions for future research are provided to improve program efficacy.

Keywords


Poverty reduction; Cash transfer programs; Social empowerment; Economic outcomes; Program effectiveness

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/al-masraf.v10i1.1746

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