Development and Validation of the Social Comparison Scale: A Psychometric Evaluation

M Fahmi Aufar Asyraf, Yahya Muhidin, Yasmin Firdausi

Abstract


Social comparison is a process through which individuals evaluate their abilities and opinions in relation to other people. This study developed an Indonesian Social Comparison Scale (SCS) informed by Festinger's social comparison theory and the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM), rather than directly translating the original INCOM. An initial pool of 72 items was constructed to represent Ability (36 items) and Opinion (36 items). Content evaluation was conducted by 10 psychology-trained assessors using Aiken's V, followed by empirical testing with 242 participants who met the inclusion criteria of being 17-35 years old and male or female. Item discrimination and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to obtain a concise 12-item form consisting of six Ability and six Opinion items. The final scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .914). CFA yielded CFI = .913, TLI = .892, GFI = .952, RMSEA = .101, 90% CI [.085, .117], and SRMR = .057. Thus, the model-fit evidence was mixed: CFI, GFI, and SRMR supported the model, whereas TLI and RMSEA indicated limitations. The findings provide preliminary evidence for the reliability and construct validity of the 12-item Indonesian SCS, while further validation in independent samples is recommended.

Keywords


Social Comparison, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Validity Instrument

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/alqalb.v17i2.14834

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