Analisis Kesalahan Gramatikal dalam Berbahasa Arab

Abstract

Arabic grammar (Nahwu and Sharaf) serves as a crucial foundation in Indonesian Islamic education for comprehending religious texts and classical literature. However, non-native students frequently encounter obstacles in applying the rules of i'rab and binā' fi'il. This study aims to analyze the patterns and dominant factors of grammatical errors among madrasah students. Employing a library research method with a qualitative content analysis approach, data were collected through primary and secondary document studies and classified based on Error Analysis theory. The findings indicate that syntactic errors are dominated by the phenomenon of overgeneralization, where students uniformize the rafa’ sign across all conditions of fi’il mudhari’. In the morphological aspect, a significant learning burden was found regarding wazan mastery. Furthermore, interlanguage factors lead students to simplify Arabic logic to align with their mother tongue. Literature triangulation concludes that these problems are rooted in rigid rote learning methods. As a pedagogical implication, the study suggests implementing a contextual-functional method that integrates morphological foundations before syntax to strengthen students' linguistic accuracy.