Maharah Kalam VS Maharah Qiraah dalam Keterampilan Abad 21 (4C: Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, and Creativity)

Ishmah Putri

Abstract


This study explores the urgency and challenges of Maharah Kalam (speaking) and Maharah Qira’ah (reading) in Arabic language learning within the framework of 21st-century skills. Both competencies are essential yet complementary: Maharah Kalam emphasizes communication, collaboration, and creativity through oral expression, while Maharah Qira’ah strengthens critical thinking and supports creativity through textual analysis. The integration of these skills is crucial, as speaking without deep reading risks superficiality, and reading without oral practice limits communicative competence. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach through library research, analyzing relevant books, journals, and academic sources. Findings highlight that technological transformation and globalization demand balanced mastery of both skills, supported by innovative strategies such as project-based learning, digital platforms, and collaborative discussions. The study concludes that an integrative curriculum combining Maharah Kalam and Maharah Qira’ah is vital to produce learners who are literate, critical, and communicative, ready to face global challenges.

Keywords


speaking skill, reading skill, 21-century, arabic learning, 4c.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/imlah.v8i1.13970

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