Evolusi Madrasah Tafsir Al-Qur’an di Mesir: Penelusuran Era dan Tipologi Media

Autor(s): Ulya Fikriyati
DOI: 10.15548/mashdar.v2i2.1358

Abstract

Humans are always obsessed with a newness. They are trying to display and apply a newness in various aspects of life.  The same practice is also happen in Egyptian exegesis school.  Although not as old as the exegesis school in Mecca, Medina, Kufa and Basra, the exegesis school in Egypt are interesting to be examined in reason of its exist from the classical to the contemporary era.  The stretched era definitely requires an evolution. This article explores the evolution of media used in delivering Qur'anic interpretation and commentaries along these eras in Egypt. Using a historical approach, the evolution of exegesis school in Egypt can be mapped into three main phases.  The classical phase uses the oral and written media (manuscripts), the transitional phase uses printing (magazines/printed books) and electronic media (radio / television), and the contemporary phase uses digital media.

Keywords

Egypt; school; transitional; contemporary; media; evolution

Full Text:

PDF

References

‘Abd al-‘Aẓim, ‘Abdullāh. Wamḍah Tafsīriyyah-Idhāʻat al-Qur’ān al-Karīm-Min al-Qāhirah al-Syaykh. Kairo, 2019. https://youtu.be/DSDYisaq_lo.

‘Abd al-Ḥamīd, Ashraf. “‘Amr Khālid min Najm Dīnī li Muthār Intiqād wa Limādhā Abʻad ‘an Miṣr.” Al Arabiya, September 5, 2017. https://www.alarabiya.net/ar/arab-and-world/egypt/2017/09/05/عمرو-خالد-من-نجم-ديني-لمثار-انتقاد-ولماذا-أبعد-عن-مصر؟.

‘Abduh, Ibrāhīm. Tārīkh al-Ṭibāʻah wa al-Ṣaḥafah fī Miṣr Khilāl al-Ḥamlah al-Faransiyyah 1798-1801 M. Jamāmīz: al-Maṭbaʻah al-Namūdhajiyyah, 1949.

Abdul-Raof, Hussein. Schools of Qur’anic Exegesis. Oxon: Routledge, 2013.

Abu Rabi’, Ibrahim. The Blackwell Companion to Contemporary Islamic Thought. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.

Abū Shuhbah, Muḥammad. Al-Isrā’īliyyāt wa al-Mawḍūʻāt fī Kutub al-Tafsīr. Kairo: Maktabah al-Sunnah, 2003.

‘Ādil, Aḥmad. “Assasahā Shāʻir ‘al-Nahr al-Khālid’... Idhāʻat al-Qur’ān al-Karīm ‘Miʻrāj al-Īmān ‘abra al-Athīr.’” Al-Ahrām, March 25, 2018. http://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/1855706.aspx.

Ahram Online. “Egyptian Court Sends TV Host Islam Behery to Jail for One Year Over Blasphemy.” Ahram Online, Desember 2015. http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/177654/Egypt/Politics-/Egyptian-court-sends-TV-host-Islam-Behery-to-jail-.aspx.

Anonim, “Al-Internet Fī Miṣr,” t.th. https://www.marefa.org/الإنترنت_في_مصر.

Al-Anṣārī, Nāṣir. Al-Mujmal fī Tārīkh Miṣr al-Nuẓum al-Siyāsiyah wa al-Idāriyyah. Kairo: Dār al-Syurūq, 1993.

Al-‘Asqalānī, ibn Ḥajar. Tahdhīb Al-Tahdhīb. Kairo: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 2002.

Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa. “mad.ra.sah” KBBI V. kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id, 2016. kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id.

Al-Baghdādī, Al-Khatīb. Talkhīṣ al-Mutashābih fi al-Rasm wa Ḥimāyah mā Ashkala Minhu ‘an Bawādir al-Taṣḥīf wa al-Wahm. Damaskus: Sakīnah al-Shihābī, 1985.

Al-Barrī, ‘Abdullāh Khūrshīd. Al-Qur’ān wa ‘Ulūmuh fī Miṣr (20 H – 358 H). Kairo: Dār al-Maʻārif, 1970.

al-Kaʻ bī, ‘Abd al-Karīm. Mawsūʻāt al-Tārīkh al-Islāmī ‘Aṣr al-Khulafā’ al-Rāshidīn. Amman: Dār Usāmah, 2009.

Channel Faḍīlat al-Imām al-Akbar Muḥammad Sayyid Ṭanṭāwī. Al-Āyat 121 Li Sūrat Āli ‘Imrān. Kairo, 2012. https://youtu.be/4OTPjWGUGvY.

Chun, Wendi Hui Kyong, and Braxton Soderman. “Digital Media, History Of.” dalam The Internasional Encyclopedia of Communication, edited by Wolfgang Donsbach. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

Al-Dhahabī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Tafsīr wa al-Mufassirūn. Kairo: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī, 1976.

Al-Dhahabī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. Tadhkirat al-Ḥuffāẓ. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1998.

dmc. “Laʻallahum Yafqahūn Ḥalaqah al-Khamīs 6-7-2017- Majlis al-Tafsīr ‘Tafsīr Sūrat al-Fātiḥah.’” Kairo, Juli 7, 2017. https://youtu.be/pDfXT8NKTvQ.

———. “Laʻallahum Yafqahūn Majlis al-Tafsīr ‘Sūrat Āli ‘Imrān al-Āyah 21 ’Ḥalaqah al-Khamīs 16-7-2020-.” Kairo, Juli 17, 2020. https://youtu.be/dLBdHQBStHA.

Fawaid, Ah. “Isu-Isu Polemis dalam Diskursus ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān di Mesir Kontemporer.” Tesis, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, 2008.

Fikriyati, Ulya. “Madrasah Tafsir Virtual di Indonesia Kontemporer: Genealogi Dan Kontestasinya Di Kanal YouTube.” dalam Tafsir al-Qur’an di Nusantara, ed. Ahmad Baedowi. Yogyakarta: Ladang Kata, 2020.

Gunaratne, Shelton A. Paper, Printing and the Printing Press. London, New Delhi: Thousand Oaks, 2001.

Gӧrke, Andreas. “Redefining the Borders of Tafsīr: Oral Exegesis, Lay Exegesis and Regional Particularities.” dalam Tafsīr and Islamic Intellectual History Exploring the Boundaries of a Genre, edited by Andreas Gӧrke and Johanna Pink, 361–378. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Ḥannā, Mīlād. Al-Aʻmidah al-Sabʻah li al-Shakhṣiyyah al-Miṣriyyah. Kairo: Nahḍah Miṣr, 1999.

Ibn Manzhūr, Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad. Lisān al-‘Arab. Beirut: Dār al-Ṣādir, 2000.

Idhāʻat al-Qur’ān al-Karīm min al-Qāhirah. Wamḍah Tafsīriyyah. Kairo, 2018. https://youtu.be/ile3ufzKA_w.

‘Izzat, Aḥmad, ed. Al-Idhāʻah wa al-Tilifziyyūn Dirāsah fī Iʻlām al-Sulṭah. Kairo: Association for Freedom of Thought and Expression (AFTE), 2012.

Khaled, Amr. “Sūrat al-Fātiḥah-Khawāṭir Qur’āniyyah-‘Amr Khālid.” Kairo, 16 Juli, 2009. https://youtu.be/Scl7OtA0JLw.

Al-Khūlī, Amin. Min Hudā al-Qur’ān. Kairo: al-Hay’ah al-Miṣriyyah al-‘Āmmah li al-Kitāb, 1987.

McLuhan, Marshall. The Medium is the Massage an Inventory of Effect. New York: Gingko Press, 2001.

Muhandis Ibrāhīm MathTube. Al-Syaykh Muḥammad Sayyid Ṭanṭāwī maʻa al-Qur’ān al-Karīm al-Tafsīr al-Mubassaṭ. Kairo, 2020. https://youtu.be/WGVZFvA_Ux8.

Muṣṭafā al-Farrān, Aḥmad. Tafsīr Al-Imām al-Shāfiʻī. Arab Saudi: Dār Tadmuriyyah, 2006.

Nirwana, Dzikri. “Peta Tafsir di Mesir Melacak Perkembangan Tafsir al-Qur’an Dari Abad Klasik Hingga Modern.” Jurnal Falasifa 1, no. 1 (March 2010): 27–46.

Pink, Johanna. Muslim Qur’ânic Interpretation Today Media, Genealogies and Interpretive Communities. Bristol: Equinox Publishing, 2019.

———. “Tradition, Authority, and Innovation in Contemporary Sunnī Tafsīr: Towards a Typology of Qur’an Commentaries from the Arab World, Indonesia and Turkey.” Journal of Qur’anic Studies 12 (2010): 56–82.

Pressman, Jessica. Digital Modernism Making It New in New Media. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Al-Qanāt al-Rasmiyyah li Faḍīlat al-Shaikh Muḥammad Mutawallī al-Shaʻrāwī. Kairo, Agustus 2011. https://www.youtube.com/c/AlsharawiOfficial Al-Shaʻrāwī, Muḥammad Mutawallī. Tafsīr al-Shaʻrāwī. Kairo: Akhbār al-Yawm, 1991.

Riḍā, Muḥammad Rashīd. Mujallad al-Awwal min al-Manār. Kairo: Al-Manār, 1325.

Al-Rūmī, Fahd ‘Abd al-Raḥmān. Manhaj al-Madrasah al-Andalusiyyah fī al-Tafsīr Ṣifātuh wa Khaṣā’isuh. Riyaḍ: Maktabat al-Tawbah, 1997.

Suʻūdī, Umaymah. “Al-Idhāʻah al-Miṣriyyah Shāhid ‘alā Tārīkh Miṣr.” Al-Hay’ah al-‘Āmmah li al-Istiʻlāmāt Jumhūriyyat Miṣr al-‘Arabiyyah, 17 Februari, 2019. https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/182829?lang=ar.

Al-Suyūṭī, Jalāl al-Dīn. Al-Itqān fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān. Kairo: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 2004.

Tadrus, Fawzi M. “Printing in the Arab World with Emphasis on the Būlāq Press in Egypt.” quspace.qu.edu.qa (1982): 61–77.

Al-Ṭanāḥī, Maḥmūd Muḥammad. “Awā’il al-Maṭbūʻāt al-‘Arabiyyah fī Miṣr.” dalam Tārīkh al-Ṭibāʻāh al-‘Arabiyyah ḥattā Intihā’ al-Qarn al-Tāsiʻ ‘Ashar. Vol. 1. Abu Dhabi: Cultural Foundation Publications, 1995.

Ten TV. “Al-Ghazālī Iftaraḍ anna al-Sunnah Tansakh al-Qur’ān wa Hādhā Ghayr Maʻqūl.” Kairo, 19 Maret, 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pu5CzlMLKtk.

———. “Kayf Nufassir al-Qur’ān bi al-Qur’ān kamā Faʻala al-Rasūl.” Kairo, 7 November, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LblYvgKPlg.

Wheeler, Deborah. “Islam, Community and the Internet: New Possibilities in the Digital Age.” Interface: The Journal of Education, Community and Values 2, no. 2 (2002): 1–26.

Winston, Brian. Media Technology and Society A History: From the Telegraph to the Internet. London, New York: Routledge, 1998.

Wizārat al-Ittiṣālāt wa Tiknūlūjiyā al-Maʻlūmāt. “Rakā’iz Iṣlāḥ Qiṭāʻ al-Ittiṣālāt,” t.th. http://www.mcit.gov.eg/Ar/TeleCommunications/Telecom_Act_Law/Telecom_Reform_Milestones.

Al-Zarkalī, Khayr al-Dīn ibn Maḥmūd. Al-Aʻlām. Beirut: Dār al-‘Ilm li al-Malāyīn, 2002.

Al-Zarqānī, Abd al-‘Aẓīm. Manāhil al-‘Irfān fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2003.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.