The Transformation of the Islamic Judicial System After the Unification of North and South Yemen

Fataqia Rahma; Asasriwarni Asasriwarni; Zulfan Zulfan

doi:10.15548/alahkam.v16i1.11706

The Transformation of the Islamic Judicial System After the Unification of North and South Yemen

Fataqia Rahma, Asasriwarni Asasriwarni, Zulfan Zulfan

Abstract

This study examines the transformation of the Islamic judicial system in the Republic of Yemen following the unification of North Yemen and South Yemen in 1990. The unification brought together two fundamentally different legal systems: North Yemen, with its codified Zaydi Islamic legal tradition influenced by colonial jurisprudence, and South Yemen, with a Marxist, secular, and progressive legal framework. Employing a qualitative approach through library research methods, this study explores how these divergent systems were integrated into a single national legal framework (qânûn). The findings reveal that the legal unification process faced significant structural, ideological, and institutional challenges, including disparities in resources, cultural resistance, and the complexity of legal pluralism. Nevertheless, the establishment of judicial institutions such as the Supreme Court, Ministry of Justice, and specialized courts reflects state efforts to build an inclusive judicial system. This research contributes valuable insights into understanding legal dynamics in post-conflict states and how Islamic law is accommodated within a modern national legal system.

Keywords

Transformation; Judicial System; Yemen

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/alahkam.v16i1.11706