Konflik Kepribadian dalam Syi’ir “سِفر الخروج من إيرلندا”: Kajian Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud

Abstract

Poetry is not merely an aesthetic expression but also a representation of complex psychological dynamics. In contemporary Arabic literature, poetry has evolved into a more reflective and psychologically nuanced medium. This study examines the poem “Sifr al-Khuruj min Irelanda” (The Exodus from Ireland) by Marwan Makhoul through the lens of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, focusing on the tripartite structure of personality: id, ego, and superego. The research aims to reveal the internal conflicts of the lyrical “I” as a symbolic representation of trauma, exile, and identity crisis. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method with a literary psychology approach, using content analysis to interpret symbols, metaphors, and emotional expressions within the poem. The findings indicate that the id is manifested through escapist desires, emotional vulnerability, and avoidance of harsh realities; the ego functions as a mediator that negotiates between personal impulses and social responsibilities; while the superego appears through moral judgment, guilt, and idealistic resistance against injustice. Ultimately, the poem serves as a space of psychological sublimation, reflecting both personal and collective struggles shaped by historical trauma. This research contributes to enriching contemporary Arabic literary studies, particularly in the field of psychoanalytic criticism.